CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus 2025-26 blends logical reasoning, problem-solving, and application-based concepts. With the board exams being a gateway to higher education and competitive exams like JEE, CUET, and other entrance tests, clearly understanding the class 12 math syllabus is crucial. Students preparing for the 12 CBSE Maths syllabus or the Class XII syllabus must focus on conceptual clarity and rigorous practice.
The CBSE 12th Mathematics syllabus ensures balanced coverage of topics across Algebra, Calculus, Probability, Vectors, and more. In this article, we will break down the Maths class 12 syllabus chapter-wise, provide details on the marking scheme, and give a preparation strategy. You will also find the deleted topics in the 12th Maths portion, the internal assessment structure, and a PDF download link at the end.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Latest Exam Pattern 2025-26
The CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus follows the NEP 2023-aligned structure, designed to assess conceptual clarity, application, and higher-order thinking. The structure emphasizes applied learning, whether following the 12 syllabus maths for CBSE or the NIOS Maths syllabus Class 12 for distance learners.
Bloom Typology as per NEP is given below
| S. No. | Bloom Typologies (as per NEP 2023) | Total % |
| 1 | Easy difficulty level: Demonstrate Knowledge / Understanding | 55% |
| 2 | Medium difficulty level: Application-based | 25% |
| 3 | Hard difficulty level: Analysis / Evaluate / Create | 20% |
| TOTAL | 100% |
The division of the Theory and Internal Assessment Marks is:
- Theory: 80 Marks
- Internal Assessment / Project: 20 Marks
This pattern ensures that the CBSE 12th Mathematics syllabus tests basic understanding and analytical ability.
CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2025-26: Chapter-wise Weightage
The marking system for the 2025–2026 academic year will be designed to guarantee a fair assessment of students’ knowledge and analytical abilities. The final judgment will also heavily weigh practical assessments. The CBSE XII Maths syllabus is divided into six units. Here’s the chapter-wise weightage for board exams:
Theory Evaluation Scheme
| CBSE Class 12 Maths Units | CBSE Class 12 Maths Unit Name | CBSE Class 12 Maths Chapter-wise Weightage |
| I | Relations and Functions | 08 |
| II | Algebra | 10 |
| III | Calculus | 35 |
| IV | Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry | 14 |
| V | Linear Programming | 05 |
| VI | Probability | 08 |
| Total (Theory) | 80 |
Internal evaluation
| CBSE Class 12 Maths Internal Assessment | CBSE Class 12 Maths Internal Assessment Marks |
| Periodic Tests | 10 |
| Mathematics Activities | 10 |
| Total (Internal Assessment) | 20 |
The Class 12 Maths chapters carry different weightages, with Calculus contributing the maximum marks..
Note:
- No chapter-wise weightage. Care to be taken to cover all the chapters 2.
- Suitable internal variations may be made for generating various templates, keeping the overall weightage to different forms of questions and typology of questions the same.
- There will be no overall choice in the question paper. However, 33% of the internal decisions will be made in all the sections.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Chapter-wise (Detailed Topics)
This section provides the Maths Class 12 syllabus chapter-wise for better preparation.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Unit I: Relations and Functions
- Relations and Functions: Types of relations (reflexive, symmetric, transitive, equivalence), one-one and onto functions.
- Inverse Trigonometric Functions: Definition, domain, range, principal values, and graphs.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Unit II: Algebra
- Matrices: Concept, types, transpose, symmetric & skew-symmetric, operations (addition, multiplication, scalar multiplication), properties, non-commutativity, invertible matrices & uniqueness of inverse (real entries).
- Determinants: Minors, cofactors, determinant of matrices (up to 3×3), area of a triangle, adjoint & inverse of matrix, solving linear equations in 2/3 variables using inverse matrix.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Unit III: Calculus
- Continuity & Differentiability: Chain rule, derivatives of inverse trigonometric, exponential, logarithmic, implicit & parametric functions, second-order derivatives.
- Applications of Derivatives: Rate of change, increasing/decreasing functions, maxima & minima (1st & 2nd derivative test).
- Integrals: Indefinite integrals by substitution, partial fractions, by parts; standard forms; definite integrals & properties; Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
- Applications of Integrals: Area under curves (lines, circles, parabolas, ellipses).
- Differential Equations: Order, degree, general & particular solutions; methods: separation of variables, homogeneous, linear equations in standard form.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Unit IV: Vectors & Three-Dimensional Geometry
- Vectors: Magnitude, direction, direction cosines & ratios, types (equal, unit, zero, parallel, collinear), addition, scalar multiplication, section formula, dot & cross product with applications.
- 3D Geometry: Cartesian & vector equation of a line, skew lines, shortest distance, angle between two lines.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Unit V: Linear Programming
- Introduction, constraints, objective function, optimisation, feasible/infeasible regions & solutions, graphical method (two variables, up to 3 constraints).
CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Unit VI: Probability
- Conditional probability, multiplication theorem, independent events, total probability & Bayes’ theorem.
The 12 CBSE Maths syllabus covers a wide range of applications that also support JEE preparation.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Internal Assessment (20 Marks)
CBSE Class 12 Maths Internal Assessment Periodic Tests (PT)
- Mode: Pen–Paper test.
- Structure: Mix of VSA, SA, LA & application-based questions to test knowledge, understanding, skills, and analysis.
- Schedule (suggestive):
- PT-I (Pre-Mid Term): July–August
- PT-II (Mid Term): November
- PT-III (Post-Mid Term): December–January
(Schools can adjust as per their calendar; winter schools will follow similar gaps.)
- Marking Scheme:
- Each test = 10 marks.
- Best two out of three tests considered.
- Average of the best two = Final PT marks.
- Record Keeping:
Schools must maintain simple documentation per CBSE guidelines (Circular Acad-05/2017). - Feedback:
Results to be shared with students & parents for motivation and support. Teachers should remain empathetic & encouraging.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Internal Assessment Assessment of Activity Work
- Students to perform 10 activities from the NCERT Lab Manual (Class XI/XII).
- Each student must maintain a record of activities.
- An end-of-year practical test will be conducted.
CBSE Class 12 Maths Internal Assessment Mark Distribution (10 Marks)
- Record of Activities (Year-round) → 5 Marks
- Assessment in Year-end Test → 3 Marks
- Viva Voce → 2 Marks
The 12 syllabus maths and the NIOS Maths syllabus Class 12 encourage activity-based learning.
Deleted Syllabus of Class 12 Maths 2025-26
Every year, CBSE updates and reduces specific topics. Many students worry about the 12th Maths portion. Common deletions include some complex derivations in Calculus, properties in Probability, and minor parts of 3D Geometry.
The CBSE 12th Mathematics syllabus PDF confirms all updated changes. Always check the official portal for the latest version of the Class XII Maths syllabus.
CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Prescribed Books for Class 12 Mathematics
CBSE recommends a set of NCERT publications that form the core of the Class 12 Mathematics curriculum for adequate preparation. The prescribed books include the Mathematics Textbook for Class XI, the Mathematics Part I and Part II for Class XII, and the Exemplar Problems for Classes XI and XII, all published by NCERT. These resources are designed to strengthen conceptual understanding, provide extensive practice, and expose students to higher-order thinking questions often seen in board exams and competitive tests.
The Mathematics Lab Manuals for Classes XI and XII also support hands-on learning and activity-based exploration, encouraging students to apply mathematical concepts in practical situations. These books collectively ensure a well-rounded preparation strategy for students aiming for board success and competitive excellence.
How to Prepare for CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Effectively
To score well in the CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus 2025-26, follow this plan:
- Stick to NCERT First: Most questions in the 12th Maths portion come directly or indirectly from NCERT.
- Focus on High-Weightage Chapters: Calculus (35 Marks) dominates the Class 12 Math syllabus.
- Practice Previous Year Papers: Solve at least 10 sample papers from the CBSE XII Maths syllabus.
- Balance Theory & Application: Understand formulas, especially in the Maths Class 12 syllabus, chapter-wise preparation.
- Use a Timetable: Align with the CBSE 12th Mathematics syllabus deadlines.
Download CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2025-26 PDF
Steps to download the syllabus from the official website are :
- Visit the CBSE Academic Portal (cbseacademic.nic.in)
- Click on Curriculum 2025-26
- Select Senior Secondary Curriculum
- Download the 12 CBSE Maths syllabus
Or
Download CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2025-26 PDF by clicking here.
You can also get the Class XII Maths syllabus PDF directly for easy revision.
FAQs on CBSE Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2025-26
Q1. What is the total mark distribution in Class 12 Maths?
The total marks distribution in class consists of 80 marks for theory and 20 marks for internal assessment per the CBSE 12th Mathematics syllabus.
Q2. Is there any reduction in the Class 12 Mathematics syllabus 2025-26?
Yes, specific minor topics of the 12th Maths portion are deleted. Check the math deleted syllabus class 12 section for details.
Q3. Which chapters are most important for boards and JEE?
The most critical topics in Class 12 Maths chapters for Boards and JEE include Calculus, Probability, Vectors, and 3D Geometry.
Q4. Is the NIOS Maths syllabus for Class 12 different?
Yes, the NIOS Maths syllabus Class 12 has variations, but core topics like Algebra and Calculus are similar.
Q5. Can I get the Maths Class 12 syllabus chapter-wise?
Yes, CBSE publishes the Maths Class 12 syllabus chapter-wise PDF for download.
Mastering the CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus requires consistency and clarity. The 12 syllabus Maths and the 12 CBSE Maths syllabus lay the foundation for both boards and JEE success. Whether you follow the CBSE or the NIOS Maths syllabus for Class 12, focus on the Class 12 Maths chapters for intense preparation. Consistent practice of the Class XII Maths syllabus ensures you are ready for boards and competitive exams.
Stay tuned with iScholar for more expert tips, CBSE Class 12, and study strategies to help you succeed in your learning journey!
